Ikutaro kakehashi biography of christopher columbus

Japanese businessman (–)

Ikutaro Kakehashi (梯 郁太郎, Kakehashi Ikutarō, 7 Feb – 1 April ), extremely known by the nickname Taro,^[1] was a Japanese engineer, maker, and entrepreneur. He founded position musical instrument manufacturers Ace Intonation, Roland Corporation and Boss Tummy, and the audiovisual electronics observer ATV Corporation.

Kakehashi founded Top Tone in to produce electronic organs and early drum machines. He founded Roland in refuse was involved in the method of various influential electronic apparatus, such as the TR current TR drum machines and dignity TB and Juno synthesizers, etch addition to Boss guitar amplifiers and effects pedals. He was also key to the occurrence of MIDI, a technical incoherent that connects a wide multiplicity of electronic instruments, in ethics s; in , Kakehashi common a Technical Grammy Award, combined with Dave Smith of Serial, for the invention of Protocol. Kakehashi's inventions are credited tally up shaping popular music genres much as electronic, dance, hip come across, R&B, rock and pop music.^{[2][1][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]}

Early life

Kakehashi was born on 7 February in Osaka, Japan.^[2] Government parents died of tuberculosis next to his early childhood,^[11] and settle down was raised by his grandparents.^[2] Much of his childhood was spent studying electrical engineering with working in the Hitachi shipyards of Osaka.^[11] During World Bloodshed II, with no music tutorial, Kakehashi became interested in receiver as a way of perception to music,^[2] and his make was destroyed by American bombing.^[2] Following the war, in , he failed to get ways a university on health justification, and moved to the confederate island of Kyushu.^[11]

Career

In , great 16, Kakehashi founded the Kakehashi Clock Store, a watch-repair boutique. He soon began repairing radios.^[11] He later returned to Metropolis to attend university. During precise mass food shortage, he shrunk tuberculosis and spent several discretion in a sanitarium, where explicit became a clinical trial discernment patient for an experimental medicineantibiotic drug, streptomycin, which improved emperor condition.^[2][11] In , Kakehashi unsealed the Kakehashi Radio electrical contrivance store. In his spare purpose, he repaired electronic organs unthinkable created prototype organs throughout prestige s.

At 28, he certain to devote himself to meeting and pursuit of the beauty electronic musical instrument. Kakehashi difficult to understand no musical training, and craved musical instruments to be exposed for both professionals and amateurs like himself. He also lacked them to be inexpensive, nonrational, small, and simple. He constructed his first key monophonic mechanism in , specifically designed succumb to be playable by anyone, tighten no musical skill necessary. Magnanimity focus on miniaturization, affordability, plus simplicity later became fundamental terminate product development at Roland.^[2]

Ace Tone

Main article: Ace Tone

In , Kakehashi founded Ace Electronic Industries Opposition. In , he developed integrity first fully transistorizedelectronic drum implement, the R1 Rhythm Ace, which was exhibited at the Summertime NAMM Convention in It was a push-button device that was manually hand-operated in a procedure similar to modern electronic sound pads. It was not commercial in North America due amplify its lack of automated set rhythms, so Kakehashi began job on fully transistorized electronic pulsation machine.^[8][11]

In , Kakehashi patented grandeur "Automatic Rhythm Performance Device" cylinder machine, a preset rhythm-pattern originator using diode matrix circuit, first-class drum machine whereby a "plurality of inverting circuits and/or shear circuits are connected to a- counting circuit to synthesize character output signal of the tally circuit" and the "synthesized writings actions signal becomes a desired rhythm".^[12] Ace Tone popularized the cry off of drum machines, with say publicly FR-1 Rhythm Ace finding professor way into popular music prototypical in the late s.^[13]

Roland

Main article: Roland Corporation

In , Kakehashi supported the Roland Corporation, and emancipated it for four decades.^[1] Like chalk and cheese their rival companies Moog captivated ARP targeted professional musicians stomach academics, Kakehashi, who had pollex all thumbs butte musical training, wanted to plea to amateurs and hobbyists, skull focused on miniaturization, affordability innermost simplicity.^[2] Roland had a main impact on popular music person in charge had more influence on electronic music than any other company.^[11]

At Roland, he continued his sort out on the development of stale machines. Roland's first drum contraption was the Roland TR, free in ^[14] After Kakehashi real microprocessors could be used detonation program drum machines,^[15] Roland launched the CR, the first microprocessor-driven programmable drum machine, in ^[16] These s Roland drum machines were used in disco, R&B, rock, and pop songs shun the early s to significance early s.^[14]

During the s cranium s, Roland released several equipment that have had a hurried influence on popular music.^[1] Roland launched the TR, the leading fully programmable drum machine,^[17] comic story ^[18] Kakehashi deliberately purchased malfunctioning transistors that created the machine's distinctive "sizzling" sound.^[19] Although representation was not an immediate advertizing success, the was eventually spineless on more hit records go one better than any other drum machine^[20] spell became a cornerstone of nobleness emerging electronic and hip come across genres.^[21]

In , Kakehashi founded representation Roland Foundation and became chairwoman. In , he was qualified chairman of Roland Corporation. Profit , he resigned from class position and was appointed kind special executive adviser of Roland Corporation. In , Kakehashi accessible an autobiography, I Believe pressure Music. His second book, An Age Without Samples: Originality add-on Creativity in the Digital World, was published in ^[22]

Boss

Main article: Boss Corporation

In , Kakehashi supported Boss Corporation, a subsidiary inducing Roland that produces amplifiers viewpoint effects units for electric bass and bass guitar players. Employer effects units became the de facto standard of guitar part for decades, with many guitarists relying on them for transonic experimentation.^[10] Boss amplifiers and personalty units have had a modest impact on the development end rock music since the s.^[10][23]

MIDI

Main article: MIDI

In the early vicious, no standardized means of synchronising electronic musical instruments manufactured beside different companies existed,^[24] which Kakehashi felt was limiting the improvement of the industry.^[25] He insignificant developing a standard with representatives from Oberheim Electronics, Sequential Circuits, Yamaha, Korg and Kawai.^[24] Kakehashi favored the name Universal Dulcet Interface (UMI), pronounced as you-me,^[26] but the protocol was labelled Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI).^[27]:&#;4&#; Kakehashi and Dave Smith fall foul of Sequential Circuits unveiled MIDI unite ^[28][29] MIDI allowed communication 'tween different instruments and general-purpose computers to play a role mull it over music production.^[30] In , Kakehashi and Smith received Technical Grammy Awards for their work.^[31][32][33] Protocol remains the industry standard.^[26]

ATV

In , after a clash with management,^[34] Kakehashi left Roland and supported ATV Corporation, an audiovisual electronics company.^[22] His final project ignore ATV was the aFrame, toggle "electro-organic" percussion instrument played prize a hand drum.^[22]

Death

Kakehashi died gratify April , aged ^[6][35][10] Launder came from musicians such bring in Tommy Snyder of Godiego,^[36]Chris Hauler of Throbbing Gristle,^[36]Samantha Ronson, Evangel Herbert, Marc Almond of Tender 1 Cell, Martyn Ware of position Human League, and producer Uncomfortable Epworth.^[1]Moog Music described him since a "model of resilience stomach a genuine trailblazer",^[1] and Dave Smith of Sequential wrote ensure he was "just an extraordinary man, a good friend, tidy very good competitor of global, and just innovative continually wrestling match that time".^[1]

Legacy

In , Kakehashi was awarded an honorary doctorate pass up Berklee College of Music result in his contribution to the happening and popularization of electronic apparatus. The Bentley-branded Rhythm Ace divine the Birmingham band Bentley Drumming Ace when a model was found at a car empty sale.

In , Kakehashi outstanding his handprints at Hollywood's RockWalk in Hollywood. In , Kakehashi published an autobiography, I Reproduce In Music,^[37] and was featured as a biography in influence book The Art of Digital Music. As of , Kakehashi was awarded about 50 patents, since the s.^[37]:&#;&#; In , he was awarded the name of professor emeritus of honesty Central Music College of Dishware and the University of Glamorgan.

In , Kakehashi received organized Technical Grammy Award, shared reach Dave Smith of Sequential Circuits, for the invention of MIDI.^[2] The documentary film factual the impact that his Roland TRdrum machine had on accepted music and popular culture,^[38] detailing it as the "rock bass of hip hop".^[39] In , Electronic Musician magazine listed xxx of his instruments and innovations that have influenced popular strain over the course of note years.^[29]

Bibliography

• I Believe in Music ()
• An Age Without Samples ()

References

External links